| 注册
请输入搜索内容

热门搜索

Java Linux MySQL PHP JavaScript Hibernate jQuery Nginx
StaciZambra
7年前发布

Android开源:SoundRecorderUtils-录音功能直接拿去用

   <h2>前言</h2>    <p>最近项目中需要用到录音的功能,搞定需求之后,花了些时间封装成一个录音的工具包,分享给大家,需要源码的 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959751333553972750" rel="nofollow,noindex">点击这里</a></p>    <p>先贴个效果图给大家看一下,看看这个录音包的功能</p>    <p><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/052575affffe9a113e59b5f8de0a5f54.gif"></p>    <h2>一、实现录音的 Service</h2>    <p>这个类可以说是这个包的核心了,如果理解了这个 Service ,录音这一块基本就没什么问题了。</p>    <p>录音主要是利用 MediaRecoder 这个类,进行声音的记录,接下来我们一起来看看具体的实现。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public class RecordingService extends Service {        private String mFileName;      private String mFilePath;        private MediaRecorder mRecorder;        private long mStartingTimeMillis;      private long mElapsedMillis;        @Override      public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {          startRecording();          return START_STICKY;      }        @Override      public void onDestroy() {          if (mRecorder != null) {              stopRecording();          }          super.onDestroy();      }        // 开始录音      public void startRecording() {          setFileNameAndPath();            mRecorder = new MediaRecorder();          mRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);          mRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4); //录音文件保存的格式,这里保存为 mp4          mRecorder.setOutputFile(mFilePath); // 设置录音文件的保存路径          mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);          mRecorder.setAudioChannels(1);          // 设置录音文件的清晰度          mRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);          mRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(192000);            try {              mRecorder.prepare();              mRecorder.start();              mStartingTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();          } catch (IOException e) {              Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");          }      }        // 设置录音文件的名字和保存路径      public void setFileNameAndPath() {          File f;            do {              count++;              mFileName = getString(R.string.default_file_name)                      + "_" + (System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".mp4";              mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();              mFilePath += "/SoundRecorder/" + mFileName;              f = new File(mFilePath);          } while (f.exists() && !f.isDirectory());      }        // 停止录音      public void stopRecording() {          mRecorder.stop();          mElapsedMillis = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mStartingTimeMillis);          mRecorder.release();            getSharedPreferences("sp_name_audio", MODE_PRIVATE)                  .edit()                  .putString("audio_path", mFilePath)                  .putLong("elpased", mElapsedMillis)                  .apply();          if (mIncrementTimerTask != null) {              mIncrementTimerTask.cancel();              mIncrementTimerTask = null;          }            mRecorder = null;      }    }</code></pre>    <p>可以看到在 onStartCommand() 里面有一个 startRecording() 方法,在外部启动这个 RecordingService 的时候,便会调用这个 startRecording() 方法开始录音。</p>    <p>在 startRecording() 方法中先调用了 setFileNameAndPath 方法,初始化了录音文件的名字和保存的路径,为了让每个录音文件都有唯一的名字,我调用 System.currentMillis() 拼接到录音文件的名字里面。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public void setFileNameAndPath() {          File f;            do {              count++;              mFileName = getString(R.string.default_file_name)                      + "_" + (System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".mp4";              mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath();              mFilePath += "/SoundRecorder/" + mFileName;              f = new File(mFilePath);          } while (f.exists() && !f.isDirectory());      }</code></pre>    <p>设置好了文件的名字和保存路径之后,对 mRecorder 进行一系列参数的设置,这个 mRecorder 是 MediaRecorder 的一个实例,专门用于录音的存储。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">mRecorder = new MediaRecorder();          mRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);          mRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4); //录音文件保存的格式,这里保存为 mp4          mRecorder.setOutputFile(mFilePath); // 设置录音文件的保存路径          mRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);          mRecorder.setAudioChannels(1);          // 设置录音文件的清晰度          mRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);          mRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(192000);            try {              mRecorder.prepare();              mRecorder.start();              mStartingTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();          } catch (IOException e) {              Log.e(LOG_TAG, "prepare() failed");          }</code></pre>    <p>设置好参数之后,启动 mRecorder 开始录音,可以看到启动 mRecorder 开始录音后,我还将当前的时间赋值给 mStartingTimeMills ,这里主要是为了记录录音的时长,等到录音结束后再获取一次当前的时间,然后将两个时间进行相减,就能得到录音的具体时长了。</p>    <p>等到录音结束,停止服务后,便会回调 RecordingService 的 onDestroy() 方法,这时候便会调用 stopRecording() 方法,关闭 mRecorder ,并用 SharedPreferences 保存录音文件的信息,最后将 mRecorder 置空,防止内存泄露</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public void stopRecording() {          mRecorder.stop();          mElapsedMillis = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mStartingTimeMillis);          mRecorder.release();            getSharedPreferences("sp_name_audio", MODE_PRIVATE)                  .edit()                  .putString("audio_name", mFileName)                  .putString("audio_path", mFilePath)                  .putLong("elpased", mElapsedMillis)                  .apply();          if (mIncrementTimerTask != null) {              mIncrementTimerTask.cancel();              mIncrementTimerTask = null;          }            mRecorder = null;      }</code></pre>    <h2>二、显示录音界面的 RecordAudioDialogFragment</h2>    <p>用户进行的时候,总不能让 App 跳转到另外一个界面吧,这样用户体验并不是很好,比较好的方法是显示一个对话框,让用户进行操作,既然要用对话框,必然离不开 DialogFragment,对于 DialogFragment 不是很了解,可以先看看我这篇文章 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959751333647071706" rel="nofollow,noindex">Android 撸起袖子,自己封装 DialogFragment</a> 。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public class RecordAudioDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {        private boolean mStartRecording = true;        long timeWhenPaused = 0;        private FloatingActionButton mFabRecord;      private Chronometer mChronometerTime;        public static RecordAudioDialogFragment newInstance(int maxTime) {          RecordAudioDialogFragment dialogFragment = new RecordAudioDialogFragment();          Bundle bundle = new Bundle();          bundle.putInt("maxTime", maxTime);          dialogFragment.setArguments(bundle);          return dialogFragment;      }        @NonNull      @Override      public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          Dialog dialog = super.onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState);          final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());          View view = getActivity().getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.fragment_record_audio, null);            mFabRecord.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              @Override              public void onClick(View v) {                  if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)                          != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                      ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(getActivity()                              , new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO}, 1);                  }else {                      onRecord(mStartRecording);                      mStartRecording = !mStartRecording;                  }              }          });            builder.setView(view);          return builder.create();      }        private void onRecord(boolean start) {          Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), RecordingService.class);          if (start) {              File folder = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/SoundRecorder");              if (!folder.exists()) {                  folder.mkdir();              }                mChronometerTime.setBase(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());              mChronometerTime.start();              getActivity().startService(intent);            } else {              mChronometerTime.stop();              timeWhenPaused = 0;              getActivity().stopService(intent);          }      }  }</code></pre>    <p>可以看到在 RecordAudioDialogFragment 有一个 newInstance(int maxTime) 的静态方法供外部调用,如果想设置录音的最大时长,直接传参数进去就行了。</p>    <p>好的,敲黑板,重点来了,其实这个对话框的重点部分就是在 onCreateDialog() 中,我们先加载了我们自定义的对话框的布局,当点击录音的按钮的时候,先进行相关权限的申请,这里有个巨坑,录音权限 android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO 在不久前还是普通权限的,不知道什么时候突然变成了危险权限,需要我们进行申请,Google 真是会玩。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          Dialog dialog = super.onCreateDialog(savedInstanceState);          final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());          View view = getActivity().getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.fragment_record_audio, null);            mFabRecord.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              @Override              public void onClick(View v) {                  if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)                          != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                      ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(getActivity()                              , new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO}, 1);                  }else {                      onRecord(mStartRecording);                      mStartRecording = !mStartRecording;                  }              }          });            builder.setView(view);          return builder.create();      }</code></pre>    <p>申请好权限之后便会调用 onRecord() 这个方法,然后将 boolean mStartRecording 进行反转,这样就不用写难看的 if else 了,直接改变 mStartRecording 的值,然后在 onRecord() 里面进行处理</p>    <p>接下来看下 onRecord 干了什么</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private void onRecord(boolean start) {          Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), RecordingService.class);          if (mStartRecording) {              File folder = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/SoundRecorder");              if (!folder.exists()) {                  folder.mkdir();              }                mChronometerTime.setBase(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());              mChronometerTime.start();              getActivity().startService(intent);            } else {              mChronometerTime.stop();              timeWhenPaused = 0;              getActivity().stopService(intent);          }      }</code></pre>    <p>好吧,其实并没有干了什么大事,只是创建了保存录音文件的文件夹,然后根据 mStartRecording 的值进行 RecordingService 的启动和关闭罢了。在启动时还顺便开始了 mChronometer 的计时显示,这是一个 Android 原生的显示计时的一个控件。</p>    <h2>三、播放录音的 PlaybackDialogFragment</h2>    <p>其实,如果只是录音这一块的话,写个 MediaPlayer 就可以了,然而还要写播放的时间进度,以及显示一个稍微好看点的进度条,我能怎样,我也很烦啊。</p>    <p>外部调用这个对话框的时候,只需要传入一个包含录音文件信息的 RecordingItem ,因为包含的信息比较多,所以最好将 RecordingItem 进行序列化。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public static PlaybackDialogFragment newInstance(RecordingItem item) {          PlaybackDialogFragment fragment = new PlaybackDialogFragment();          Bundle bundle = new Bundle();          bundle.putParcelable(ARG_ITEM, item);          fragment.setArguments(b);          return fragment;      }</code></pre>    <p>好,重点又来了,来看看 onCreateDialog() 方法,在加载了布局之后,给 mSeekBar 设置监听, mSeekBar 是一个显示进度条的控件,当开始播放录音时候,将录音文件的时长,设置进 mSeekBar 里面,播放录音的同时,运行 mSeekBar ,通过监听 mSeekBar 的进度,刷新显示的播放进度。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity());          View view = getActivity().getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.fragment_media_playback, null);            mFileLengthTextView.setText(String.valueOf(mFileLength));          mSeekBar.setOnSeekBarChangeListener(new SeekBar.OnSeekBarChangeListener() {              @Override              public void onProgressChanged(SeekBar seekBar, int progress, boolean fromUser) {                  if(mMediaPlayer != null && fromUser) {                      mMediaPlayer.seekTo(progress);                      mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRunnable);                        long minutes = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toMinutes(mMediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition());                      long seconds = TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.toSeconds(mMediaPlayer.getCurrentPosition())                              - TimeUnit.MINUTES.toSeconds(minutes);                      mCurrentProgressTextView.setText(String.format("%02d:%02d", minutes,seconds));                        updateSeekBar();                    } else if (mMediaPlayer == null && fromUser) {                      prepareMediaPlayerFromPoint(progress);                      updateSeekBar();                  }              }            });            mPlayButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              @Override              public void onClick(View v) {                  onPlay(isPlaying);                  isPlaying = !isPlaying;              }          });            mFileLengthTextView.setText(String.format("%02d:%02d", minutes,seconds));          builder.setView(view);          return builder.create();      }</code></pre>    <p>当点击播放录音的按钮之后,会调用 onPlay() 方法,然后根据 isPlaying (标识当前是否播放录音)的值,来调用不同的方法</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private void onPlay(boolean isPlaying){          if (!isPlaying) {              //currently MediaPlayer is not playing audio              if(mMediaPlayer == null) {                  startPlaying(); //start from beginning              }           } else {              pausePlaying();          }      }</code></pre>    <p>我们最关心的,莫过于 startPlaying() 这个方法,这个方法便是来开启播放录音的,我们首先将外部传入的有关的录音信息,设置给 MediaPlayer ,然后开始调用 mMediaPlayer.start() 进行录音的播放,然后调用 updateSeekbar() 实时更新进度条的内容。当 MediaPlayer 的内容播放完成后,调用 stopPlaying() 方法,关闭 mMediaPlayer 。</p>    <pre>  <code class="language-java">private void startPlaying() {          mMediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();          mMediaPlayer.setDataSource(item.getFilePath());          mMediaPlayer.prepare();          mSeekBar.setMax(mMediaPlayer.getDuration());            mMediaPlayer.setOnPreparedListener(new MediaPlayer.OnPreparedListener() {                  @Override                  public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {                      mMediaPlayer.start();                  }              });            mMediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {              @Override              public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {                  stopPlaying();              }          });          updateSeekBar();      }</code></pre>    <p>以上便是本文的全部内容,有关的代码我已经上传到 Github 上了,需要的 <a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959751333553972750" rel="nofollow,noindex">点击这里</a> ,喜欢的话,欢迎来波 star 和 fork</p>    
 本文由用户 StaciZambra 自行上传分享,仅供网友学习交流。所有权归原作者,若您的权利被侵害,请联系管理员。
 转载本站原创文章,请注明出处,并保留原始链接、图片水印。
 本站是一个以用户分享为主的开源技术平台,欢迎各类分享!
 本文地址:https://www.open-open.com/lib/view/open1502593033888.html
安卓开发 Android开发 移动开发