<h3><strong>1、前言</strong></h3>    <p>最近在项目中用nginx做反向代理，需要动态生成nginx的配置。大概流程是用户在页面上新增域名、http或https协议以及端口信息，后台会根据域名自动生成一个nginx的server配置，在nginx.conf配置文件中使用include将所有的server配置加载进来。遇到一个问题就是如何动态生成nginx的配置，以及配置更新。在此之前也接触过配置生成及更新，当时配置的格式都是基于xml的，使用protobuf与xml结合，先采用protobuf定义好配置的数据结构，然后将protobuf转换为xml配置文件。配置更新通过判断配置文件的md5是否发生变化进行。而如今接触的配置是nginx的配置，是一套自定义的配置。看了一眼nginx的配置源码，用一个void**** conf 来表示，顿时吓死宝宝了，膜拜作者编程技能。nginx配置代码内存组织是相当的牛逼，通用性非常强，有兴趣可以认真研究一下。我要自动生成的配置是如下所示：</p>    <pre>  upstream www_test {      server 196.75.121.112:443;     （动态生成）  }    server {      listen       443 ssl; （动态生成）      server_name  www.test.com; (动态生成)      ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;;       ssl_certificate             /home/build/openresty/nginx/cert/dealssl/www.bestenover.com.crt; (动态生成)        location / {           proxy_pass https://www_test; (动态生成)          proxy_set_header Host $host;          proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;          proxy_redirect off;      }     }  </pre>    <h3><strong>2、实现框架</strong></h3>    <p>看完nginx的配置不难发现，nginx是一个典型的key value类型的，而且与文件系统的非常类似，一个目录下面可以包含其他配置，目录下还可以有目录，嵌套多层。如今key value类型的数据库非常多，redis、leveldb等，最近新秀etcd也是key-value分布式数据库，提供类似文件系统操作，使用raft协议保持数据一致性，非常适合云计算分布式部署场景，将confd与etcd搭配，非常适合nginx这样的配置格式。</p>    <p>使用etcd新建与nginx配置对应的目录如下：</p>    <p style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/839e0949130d889b8039a924ea19f570.png"></p>    <p>为了配合webui展示配置和后台生成nginx配置，总体的配置流程图如下所示：</p>    <p style="text-align: center;"><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/1248c5134de49db9093103a47e197efc.png"></p>    <h3><strong>3、生成配置</strong></h3>    <p>WEBUI通过API将配置写入mysql和etcd，confd注册监控etcd的key为/nginx/，只要发生变化就通知confd根据模板生成配置。confd默认的配置路径为/etc/confd/，创建conf.d和template两个目录，分别存放配置资源和配置模板。</p>    <p>nginx的配置资源如下所示 ： test.conf.toml</p>    <pre>  [template]  src = "test.conf.tmpl"  dest = "/tmp/test.conf"  keys = [       "/nginx",  ]  check_cmd = "/usr/sbin/nginx -t -c {{.src}}"  reload_cmd = "/usr/sbin/service nginx reload"  </pre>    <p>nginx的配置模板如下所示 ：test.conf.tmpl</p>    <pre>  upstream www_{{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}} {      {{range getvs "/nginx/https/www/upstream/*"}}server {{.}};{{end}}  }    server {      server_name         {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}}:443;      ssl on      ssl_certificate     {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate"}};      ssl_certificate_key {{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate_key"}};      location / {           proxy_pass        http://www_{{getv "/nginx/https/www/server/server_name"}};          proxy_set_header Host $host;          proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;          proxy_redirect    off;      }     }  </pre>    <p>开启confd，执行 ./confd -watch -backend etcd -node http://127.0.0.1:2379</p>    <p>使用ectdctl添加配置如下：</p>    <pre>  ./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/server_name test.com  ./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.crt  ./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/server/ssl_certificate_key /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.key;  /etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/upstream/server1 192.168.1.2:443  ./etcdctl set /nginx/https/www/upstream/server2 192.168.4.2:443  </pre>    <p>confd的执行结果如下所示：</p>    <p><img src="https://simg.open-open.com/show/bbd0eecc42a2ac825b07d0c8380c84c2.png"></p>    <p>生成位置文件如下所示：</p>    <pre>  upstream www_test.com {      server 192.168.1.2:443;      server 192.168.4.2:443;  }    server {      server_name         test.com:443;      ssl on      ssl_certificate     /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.crt;      ssl_certificate_key /home/waf/build/openresty/nginx/cert/client/client.key;      location / {           proxy_pass        http://www_test.com;          proxy_set_header Host $host;          proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;          proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;          proxy_redirect    off;      }     }  </pre>    <p>与模板生成的保持一致。</p>    <p><strong>4、参考资料</strong></p>    <p>cond的github上文档介绍</p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959727092790401428" rel="nofollow,noindex">https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/template-resources.md</a></p>    <p>etcd与confd实现配置管理</p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959727092874835788" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://xiaorui.cc/2015/01/25/confd%E5%92%8Cetcd%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8F%8A%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0/</a></p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959727092958915218" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://www.tuicool.com/articles/eeiAve</a></p>    <p>etcd的参考：</p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4958826104637417261" rel="nofollow,noindex">https://github.com/coreos/etcd</a></p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959727093071701767" rel="nofollow,noindex">https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/11035</a></p>    <p><a href="/misc/goto?guid=4959727093156731202" rel="nofollow,noindex">http://www.infoq.com/cn/articles/coreos-analyse-etcd/</a></p>    <p> </p>    <p>来自：http://www.cnblogs.com/Anker/p/6112022.html</p>    <p> </p>