Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，例如Struts 1、Struts 2、JSF等

整合Struts 1

继承方式

Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts 1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源

import  org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport;     public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{        public ICatService getCarService(){               return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean(＂catService＂);        }        public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){               CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;               if(＂list＂.equals(catForm.getAction())){                      returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);               }        }           public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){               CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;               ICatService catService =getCatService();               List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();               request.setAttribute(＂carList＂,catList);                  return mapping.find(＂list＂);        }  }

Spring在web.xml中的配置

<context-param><!--  Spring配置文件的位置-->        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>     <listener><!--  使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->        <listener-class>               org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener        </listener-class>  </listener>     <filter><!--  使用Spring自带的字符过滤器-->        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>        <init-param>               <param-name>encoding</param-name>               <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>        </init-param>        <init-param>               <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>               <param-value>true</param-value>        </init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  如果与Hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层，防止抛出延迟加载异常  <filter>        <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>        <filter-name> hibernateFilter </filter-name>        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!--  对Struts 1的Action启用-->  </filter-mapping>

代理方式

继承方式融入Spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，并且Action并没有交给Spring管理，因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

public class CatAction extends Action{  //此处继承的Struts 1的Action        private ICatService catService；        //setter、getter略           public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){               CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;               if(＂list＂.equals(catForm.getAction())){                      returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);               }        }           public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){               CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;               ICatService catService =getCatService();               List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();               request.setAttribute(＂carList＂,catList);                  return mapping.find(＂list＂);        }  }

这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入

 

struts-congfig.xml配置

 

<form-beans>        <form-bean name=＂catForm＂ type=＂com.clf.spring.CatForm＂>  </form-beans>     <action-mappings>        <action name=＂ catForm＂  path=＂/cat＂ type=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂>               <forward name=＂list＂ path=＂/jsp/listCat.jsp＂></forward>        </action>  </action-mappings>     <!--  最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理-->  <controller processorClass=＂org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor＂ />

 

controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找，因此Spring中必须配置CatAction

<!--  Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获＂/cat.do＂的请求，将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中，并调用execute()方法-->  <bean name=＂/cat＂ class=＂ com.clf.spring.CatAction＂>        <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂ />  </bean>

 

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

 

使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性，例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

<bean id=＂catBeforeInterceptor＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor＂>        <property name=＂advice＂>               <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor＂ />        </property>        <property name=＂mappedName＂ value=＂*＂></property>  </bean>     <bean id=＂catAfterInterceptor＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor＂>        <property name=＂advice＂>               <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor＂ />        </property>        <property name=＂mappedName＂ value=＂*＂></property>  </bean>     <bean name=＂/cat＂ class=＂org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean＂>        <property name=＂interceptorNames＂>               <list>                      <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value>                      <value> catAfterInterceptor</value>               </list>        </property>        <property name=＂target＂>               <bean class=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂>                      <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂></property>               </bean>        </property>  </bean>

整合Struts 2

Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

public class CatAction{        private ICatService catService;        private Cat cat;        //setter、getter略           public String list(){               catService.listCats();               return ＂list＂;        }               public String add(){               catService.createCat(cat);               return list();        }  }

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts 2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean

<constant name=＂ struts.objectFactory＂ value=＂spring＂ />     <package name=＂cat＂ extends=＂struts-default＂>  <action name=＂*_cat＂ method=＂{1}＂ class=＂catAction＂>        <param name=＂action＂ >{1}</param>        <result>/list.jsp</result>        <result name=＂list＂>/list.jsp</result>  </action>  </package>

 

Spring配置

<bean id=＂catAction＂ scope=＂prototype＂ class=＂com.clf.spring.CatAction＂>        <property name=＂catService＂ ref=＂catService＂></property>  </bean>

 

web.xml配置

<context-param><!--  Spring配置文件的位置-->        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>     <listener><!--  使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->  <listener-class>               org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener        </listener-class>  </listener>  <filter>        <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>        <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>