Java身份证工具类。有校验，获取省份城市，性别，生日，年，月日，15位转18位等强大的功能。

package com.wiker;    import java.text.ParseException;  import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;  import java.util.Calendar;  import java.util.Date;  import java.util.HashMap;  import java.util.Map;    import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;    /**   * 身份证工具类   *    */  public class IdCardUtils extends StringUtils {        /** 中国公民身份证号码最小长度。 */      public static final int CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH = 15;        /** 中国公民身份证号码最大长度。 */      public static final int CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH = 18;        /** 省、直辖市代码表 */      public static final String cityCode[] = {              "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "21", "22", "23", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "41",              "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "50", "51", "52", "53", "54", "61", "62", "63", "64", "65", "71",              "81", "82", "91"      };        /** 每位加权因子 */      public static final int power[] = {              7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2      };        /** 第18位校检码 */      public static final String verifyCode[] = {              "1", "0", "X", "9", "8", "7", "6", "5", "4", "3", "2"      };      /** 最低年限 */      public static final int MIN = 1930;      public static Map<String, String> cityCodes = new HashMap<String, String>();      /** 台湾身份首字母对应数字 */      public static Map<String, Integer> twFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>();      /** 香港身份首字母对应数字 */      public static Map<String, Integer> hkFirstCode = new HashMap<String, Integer>();      static {          cityCodes.put("11", "北京");          cityCodes.put("12", "天津");          cityCodes.put("13", "河北");          cityCodes.put("14", "山西");          cityCodes.put("15", "内蒙古");          cityCodes.put("21", "辽宁");          cityCodes.put("22", "吉林");          cityCodes.put("23", "黑龙江");          cityCodes.put("31", "上海");          cityCodes.put("32", "江苏");          cityCodes.put("33", "浙江");          cityCodes.put("34", "安徽");          cityCodes.put("35", "福建");          cityCodes.put("36", "江西");          cityCodes.put("37", "山东");          cityCodes.put("41", "河南");          cityCodes.put("42", "湖北");          cityCodes.put("43", "湖南");          cityCodes.put("44", "广东");          cityCodes.put("45", "广西");          cityCodes.put("46", "海南");          cityCodes.put("50", "重庆");          cityCodes.put("51", "四川");          cityCodes.put("52", "贵州");          cityCodes.put("53", "云南");          cityCodes.put("54", "西藏");          cityCodes.put("61", "陕西");          cityCodes.put("62", "甘肃");          cityCodes.put("63", "青海");          cityCodes.put("64", "宁夏");          cityCodes.put("65", "新疆");          cityCodes.put("71", "台湾");          cityCodes.put("81", "香港");          cityCodes.put("82", "澳门");          cityCodes.put("91", "国外");          twFirstCode.put("A", 10);          twFirstCode.put("B", 11);          twFirstCode.put("C", 12);          twFirstCode.put("D", 13);          twFirstCode.put("E", 14);          twFirstCode.put("F", 15);          twFirstCode.put("G", 16);          twFirstCode.put("H", 17);          twFirstCode.put("J", 18);          twFirstCode.put("K", 19);          twFirstCode.put("L", 20);          twFirstCode.put("M", 21);          twFirstCode.put("N", 22);          twFirstCode.put("P", 23);          twFirstCode.put("Q", 24);          twFirstCode.put("R", 25);          twFirstCode.put("S", 26);          twFirstCode.put("T", 27);          twFirstCode.put("U", 28);          twFirstCode.put("V", 29);          twFirstCode.put("X", 30);          twFirstCode.put("Y", 31);          twFirstCode.put("W", 32);          twFirstCode.put("Z", 33);          twFirstCode.put("I", 34);          twFirstCode.put("O", 35);          hkFirstCode.put("A", 1);          hkFirstCode.put("B", 2);          hkFirstCode.put("C", 3);          hkFirstCode.put("R", 18);          hkFirstCode.put("U", 21);          hkFirstCode.put("Z", 26);          hkFirstCode.put("X", 24);          hkFirstCode.put("W", 23);          hkFirstCode.put("O", 15);          hkFirstCode.put("N", 14);      }        /**       * 将15位身份证号码转换为18位       *        * @param idCard       *            15位身份编码       * @return 18位身份编码       */      public static String conver15CardTo18(String idCard) {          String idCard18 = "";          if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return null;          }          if (isNum(idCard)) {              // 获取出生年月日              String birthday = idCard.substring(6, 12);              Date birthDate = null;              try {                  birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyMMdd").parse(birthday);              } catch (ParseException e) {                  e.printStackTrace();              }              Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();              if (birthDate != null)                  cal.setTime(birthDate);              // 获取出生年(完全表现形式,如：2010)              String sYear = String.valueOf(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR));              idCard18 = idCard.substring(0, 6) + sYear + idCard.substring(8);              // 转换字符数组              char[] cArr = idCard18.toCharArray();              if (cArr != null) {                  int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr);                  int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard);                  // 获取校验位                  String sVal = getCheckCode18(iSum17);                  if (sVal.length() > 0) {                      idCard18 += sVal;                  } else {                      return null;                  }              }          } else {              return null;          }          return idCard18;      }        /**       * 验证身份证是否合法       */      public static boolean validateCard(String idCard) {          String card = idCard.trim();          if (validateIdCard18(card)) {              return true;          }          if (validateIdCard15(card)) {              return true;          }          String[] cardval = validateIdCard10(card);          if (cardval != null) {              if (cardval[2].equals("true")) {                  return true;              }          }          return false;      }        /**       * 验证18位身份编码是否合法       *        * @param idCard 身份编码       * @return 是否合法       */      public static boolean validateIdCard18(String idCard) {          boolean bTrue = false;          if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) {              // 前17位              String code17 = idCard.substring(0, 17);              // 第18位              String code18 = idCard.substring(17, CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH);              if (isNum(code17)) {                  char[] cArr = code17.toCharArray();                  if (cArr != null) {                      int[] iCard = converCharToInt(cArr);                      int iSum17 = getPowerSum(iCard);                      // 获取校验位                      String val = getCheckCode18(iSum17);                      if (val.length() > 0) {                          if (val.equalsIgnoreCase(code18)) {                              bTrue = true;                          }                      }                  }              }          }          return bTrue;      }        /**       * 验证15位身份编码是否合法       *        * @param idCard       *            身份编码       * @return 是否合法       */      public static boolean validateIdCard15(String idCard) {          if (idCard.length() != CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return false;          }          if (isNum(idCard)) {              String proCode = idCard.substring(0, 2);              if (cityCodes.get(proCode) == null) {                  return false;              }              String birthCode = idCard.substring(6, 12);              Date birthDate = null;              try {                  birthDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yy").parse(birthCode.substring(0, 2));              } catch (ParseException e) {                  e.printStackTrace();              }              Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();              if (birthDate != null)                  cal.setTime(birthDate);              if (!valiDate(cal.get(Calendar.YEAR), Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(2, 4)),                      Integer.valueOf(birthCode.substring(4, 6)))) {                  return false;              }          } else {              return false;          }          return true;      }        /**       * 验证10位身份编码是否合法       *        * @param idCard 身份编码       * @return 身份证信息数组       *         <p>       *         [0] - 台湾、澳门、香港 [1] - 性别(男M,女F,未知N) [2] - 是否合法(合法true,不合法false)       *         若不是身份证件号码则返回null       *         </p>       */      public static String[] validateIdCard10(String idCard) {          String[] info = new String[3];          String card = idCard.replaceAll("[\\(|\\)]", "");          if (card.length() != 8 && card.length() != 9 && idCard.length() != 10) {              return null;          }          if (idCard.matches("^[a-zA-Z][0-9]{9}$")) { // 台湾              info[0] = "台湾";              System.out.println("11111");              String char2 = idCard.substring(1, 2);              if (char2.equals("1")) {                  info[1] = "M";                  System.out.println("MMMMMMM");              } else if (char2.equals("2")) {                  info[1] = "F";                  System.out.println("FFFFFFF");              } else {                  info[1] = "N";                  info[2] = "false";                  System.out.println("NNNN");                  return info;              }              info[2] = validateTWCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false";          } else if (idCard.matches("^[1|5|7][0-9]{6}\\(?[0-9A-Z]\\)?$")) { // 澳门              info[0] = "澳门";              info[1] = "N";              // TODO          } else if (idCard.matches("^[A-Z]{1,2}[0-9]{6}\\(?[0-9A]\\)?$")) { // 香港              info[0] = "香港";              info[1] = "N";              info[2] = validateHKCard(idCard) ? "true" : "false";          } else {              return null;          }          return info;      }        /**       * 验证台湾身份证号码       *        * @param idCard       *            身份证号码       * @return 验证码是否符合       */      public static boolean validateTWCard(String idCard) {          String start = idCard.substring(0, 1);          String mid = idCard.substring(1, 9);          String end = idCard.substring(9, 10);          Integer iStart = twFirstCode.get(start);          Integer sum = iStart / 10 + (iStart % 10) * 9;          char[] chars = mid.toCharArray();          Integer iflag = 8;          for (char c : chars) {              sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag;              iflag--;          }          return (sum % 10 == 0 ? 0 : (10 - sum % 10)) == Integer.valueOf(end) ? true : false;      }        /**       * 验证香港身份证号码(存在Bug，部份特殊身份证无法检查)       * <p>       * 身份证前2位为英文字符，如果只出现一个英文字符则表示第一位是空格，对应数字58 前2位英文字符A-Z分别对应数字10-35       * 最后一位校验码为0-9的数字加上字符"A"，"A"代表10       * </p>       * <p>       * 将身份证号码全部转换为数字，分别对应乘9-1相加的总和，整除11则证件号码有效       * </p>       *        * @param idCard 身份证号码       * @return 验证码是否符合       */      public static boolean validateHKCard(String idCard) {          String card = idCard.replaceAll("[\\(|\\)]", "");          Integer sum = 0;          if (card.length() == 9) {              sum = (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 9                      + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(1, 2).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8;              card = card.substring(1, 9);          } else {              sum = 522 + (Integer.valueOf(card.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase().toCharArray()[0]) - 55) * 8;          }          String mid = card.substring(1, 7);          String end = card.substring(7, 8);          char[] chars = mid.toCharArray();          Integer iflag = 7;          for (char c : chars) {              sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(c + "") * iflag;              iflag--;          }          if (end.toUpperCase().equals("A")) {              sum = sum + 10;          } else {              sum = sum + Integer.valueOf(end);          }          return (sum % 11 == 0) ? true : false;      }        /**       * 将字符数组转换成数字数组       *        * @param ca       *            字符数组       * @return 数字数组       */      public static int[] converCharToInt(char[] ca) {          int len = ca.length;          int[] iArr = new int[len];          try {              for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {                  iArr[i] = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ca[i]));              }          } catch (NumberFormatException e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }          return iArr;      }        /**       * 将身份证的每位和对应位的加权因子相乘之后，再得到和值       *        * @param iArr       * @return 身份证编码。       */      public static int getPowerSum(int[] iArr) {          int iSum = 0;          if (power.length == iArr.length) {              for (int i = 0; i < iArr.length; i++) {                  for (int j = 0; j < power.length; j++) {                      if (i == j) {                          iSum = iSum + iArr[i] * power[j];                      }                  }              }          }          return iSum;      }        /**       * 将power和值与11取模获得余数进行校验码判断       *        * @param iSum       * @return 校验位       */      public static String getCheckCode18(int iSum) {          String sCode = "";          switch (iSum % 11) {          case 10:              sCode = "2";              break;          case 9:              sCode = "3";              break;          case 8:              sCode = "4";              break;          case 7:              sCode = "5";              break;          case 6:              sCode = "6";              break;          case 5:              sCode = "7";              break;          case 4:              sCode = "8";              break;          case 3:              sCode = "9";              break;          case 2:              sCode = "x";              break;          case 1:              sCode = "0";              break;          case 0:              sCode = "1";              break;          }          return sCode;      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取年龄       *        * @param idCard       *            身份编号       * @return 年龄       */      public static int getAgeByIdCard(String idCard) {          int iAge = 0;          if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          String year = idCard.substring(6, 10);          Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();          int iCurrYear = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);          iAge = iCurrYear - Integer.valueOf(year);          return iAge;      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取生日       *        * @param idCard 身份编号       * @return 生日(yyyyMMdd)       */      public static String getBirthByIdCard(String idCard) {          Integer len = idCard.length();          if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return null;          } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          return idCard.substring(6, 14);      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取生日年       *        * @param idCard 身份编号       * @return 生日(yyyy)       */      public static Short getYearByIdCard(String idCard) {          Integer len = idCard.length();          if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return null;          } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(6, 10));      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取生日月       *        * @param idCard       *            身份编号       * @return 生日(MM)       */      public static Short getMonthByIdCard(String idCard) {          Integer len = idCard.length();          if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return null;          } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(10, 12));      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取生日天       *        * @param idCard       *            身份编号       * @return 生日(dd)       */      public static Short getDateByIdCard(String idCard) {          Integer len = idCard.length();          if (len < CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              return null;          } else if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          return Short.valueOf(idCard.substring(12, 14));      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取性别       *        * @param idCard 身份编号       * @return 性别(M-男，F-女，N-未知)       */      public static String getGenderByIdCard(String idCard) {          String sGender = "N";          if (idCard.length() == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH) {              idCard = conver15CardTo18(idCard);          }          String sCardNum = idCard.substring(16, 17);          if (Integer.parseInt(sCardNum) % 2 != 0) {              sGender = "M";          } else {              sGender = "F";          }          return sGender;      }        /**       * 根据身份编号获取户籍省份       *        * @param idCard 身份编码       * @return 省级编码。       */      public static String getProvinceByIdCard(String idCard) {          int len = idCard.length();          String sProvince = null;          String sProvinNum = "";          if (len == CHINA_ID_MIN_LENGTH || len == CHINA_ID_MAX_LENGTH) {              sProvinNum = idCard.substring(0, 2);          }          sProvince = cityCodes.get(sProvinNum);          return sProvince;      }        /**       * 数字验证       *        * @param val       * @return 提取的数字。       */      public static boolean isNum(String val) {          return val == null || "".equals(val) ? false : val.matches("^[0-9]*$");      }        /**       * 验证小于当前日期 是否有效       *        * @param iYear       *            待验证日期(年)       * @param iMonth       *            待验证日期(月 1-12)       * @param iDate       *            待验证日期(日)       * @return 是否有效       */      public static boolean valiDate(int iYear, int iMonth, int iDate) {          Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();          int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR);          int datePerMonth;          if (iYear < MIN || iYear >= year) {              return false;          }          if (iMonth < 1 || iMonth > 12) {              return false;          }          switch (iMonth) {          case 4:          case 6:          case 9:          case 11:              datePerMonth = 30;              break;          case 2:              boolean dm = ((iYear % 4 == 0 && iYear % 100 != 0) || (iYear % 400 == 0))                      && (iYear > MIN && iYear < year);              datePerMonth = dm ? 29 : 28;              break;          default:              datePerMonth = 31;          }          return (iDate >= 1) && (iDate <= datePerMonth);      }  }