做活动的时候(闪灯效果),经常会使用到数组随机化.通俗名叫洗牌(shuffle)算法

方法一:使用数组sort方法对数组元素随机排序

Array.prototype.shuffle = function(n) {    var len = this.length , num = n?Math.min(n,len):len,arr = this.slice(0)    arr.sort(function(a,b){       return Math.random()-0.5    })    return arr.slice(0,num-1)  }  

测试代码,输出 [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]排序后的20次结果,时间测试为1-299的数组,做10000次随机化的时间

var arr =[],t1,t2  for(var i=1;i<300;i++) {arr.push(i)}  Array.prototype.shuffle = function(n) {    var len = this.length , num = n?Math.min(n,len):len,arr = this.slice(0)    arr.sort(function(a,b){       return Math.random()-0.5    })    return arr.slice(0,num-1)  }  t1 = new Date      for (var i=0;i<10000;i++) {     // console.log(arr.shuffle().join())      arr.shuffle()    }  t2 = new Date  console.log(t2-t1)  

在firefox的console里跑20次结果:

1,2,3,4,5,6,9,8,7,10  6,4,9,7,2,8,5,10,3,1  9,3,10,8,1,7,2,5,6,4  1,2,3,6,5,4,9,8,7,10  2,1,3,5,4,6,8,9,7,10  2,10,4,8,3,5,1,6,9,7  5,6,4,1,2,3,8,10,7,9  7,9,6,8,10,2,1,4,3,5  3,2,9,8,1,7,10,4,5,6  5,4,3,6,2,1,8,9,7,10  7,8,9,10,3,1,2,6,4,5  1,2,3,4,6,5,9,10,8,7  1,9,10,3,2,6,5,8,4,7  3,2,1,5,4,6,7,10,9,8  1,2,3,5,4,6,8,10,7,9  1,8,4,7,9,2,3,6,10,5  9,2,1,3,4,8,7,5,6,10  2,1,4,5,3,6,9,8,7,10  4,6,10,8,9,2,7,1,5,3  7,8,2,1,3,9,10,5,4,6  3306ms  

可以看到此段代码对有序数组产生的随机效果不佳,易结块(一定区间的内容还是在一起).分析原理也不难得出产生此结果的原因

方法二:随机交换数组内的元素 (原理from underscore.js

lib = {}  lib.range = function(min,max) {    return min+Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))  }    Array.prototype.shuffle = function(n) {    var len = this.length , num = n?Math.min(n,len):len,arr = this.slice(0),temp,index      for (var i=0;i<len;i++){      index = lib.range(i,len-1)      temp = arr[i]      arr[i] = arr[index]      arr[index]=temp          }    return arr.slice(0,num)    }  

测试结果 : 随机数还是比较理想的.

4,3,1,6,9,10,7,2,8,5  4,9,3,10,7,1,6,2,8,5  8,6,3,5,9,4,2,7,1,10  9,6,1,5,8,3,10,7,2,4  10,3,1,7,4,8,9,6,2,5  9,6,7,2,1,4,10,3,5,8  2,4,6,9,5,1,10,8,3,7  7,3,9,8,1,6,5,2,10,4  6,7,5,10,3,9,4,2,1,8  2,4,3,8,1,9,6,7,5,10  8,5,7,4,3,2,10,1,6,9  9,7,1,2,3,4,10,5,6,8  2,6,10,7,1,9,8,5,4,3  1,6,8,2,4,7,10,5,9,3  7,4,2,1,9,5,3,8,10,6  5,3,9,8,2,10,6,1,4,7  8,4,2,6,7,10,1,5,9,3  7,2,4,3,9,1,5,8,10,6  5,7,9,8,4,3,2,1,6,10  4,6,5,7,1,9,3,10,2,8  1576ms  

方法三 :随机从原数组抽取一个元素,加入到新数组

lib = {}  lib.range = function(min,max) {    return min+Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))  }    Array.prototype.shuffle = function(n) {    var len = this.length , num = n?Math.min(n,len):len,arr = this.slice(0),result=[],index      for (var i=0;i<num;i++){      index = lib.range(0,len-1-i)      result.push(arr.splice(index,1)[0])        // or result.concat(arr.splice(index,1))    }    return result    }  

测试结果

1,9,2,4,6,8,10,5,3,7  6,8,2,3,10,1,9,7,5,4  2,5,9,4,10,3,8,6,7,1  2,8,3,9,1,5,10,4,7,6  8,4,10,9,3,6,5,2,7,1  8,4,9,5,2,10,3,6,7,1  9,2,3,8,1,6,10,4,7,5  2,1,4,3,10,5,8,9,6,7  3,10,4,7,6,1,2,9,5,8  2,3,5,7,6,1,4,8,9,10  4,3,5,9,7,2,6,10,8,1  4,7,6,9,3,1,2,5,8,10  3,4,1,5,6,10,9,7,8,2  5,3,10,7,9,2,8,6,4,1  2,4,5,10,1,7,6,8,9,3  8,5,10,9,4,1,6,7,2,3  4,5,3,6,10,7,1,8,9,2  10,6,3,1,2,5,9,4,7,8  2,3,4,5,10,6,9,8,1,7  9,3,8,6,10,7,1,4,2,5  2944ms  

GitHub Address: https://github.com/myheartwillgoon/FEDev/issues/2