spring MVC 入门程序
由上一篇文章的分析spring MVC主要有以下几个组成部分：dispatcherServlet、HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、Handler、ViewResolver、View。其中
DispatcherServlet：前端控制器，由springmvc提供
HandlerMappting：处理器映射器，由springmvc提供
HandlerAdapter：处理器适配器，由springmvc提供
Handler：处理器，需要程序员开发
ViewResolver：视图解析器，由springmvc提供
View：真正视图页面需要由程序编写
1.新建dynamic web工程，HelloSpringMVC
2.在lib目录下放入需要的jar包
3.前端控制器配置
前端控制器在web.xml中进行配置
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> <display-name>HelloSpringMVC</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
4.处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器配置
这些在springMVC-servlet中配置，在工程目录下新建config的源码文件夹，新建springMVC-servlet.xml文件
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd "> <!-- 自动装配bean --> <!-- 自动检测bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hellospringmvc" ></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置处理器映射器 --> <!-- 根据bean的name进行查找Handler 将action的url配置在bean的name中 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <propertyname="mappings"> <props> <propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置处理器适配器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <beanname="/helloController" id = "helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean> <!-- 配置视图解析器 要求将jstl的包加到classpath --> <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" /> <property name="suffix"value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
也可以用SimpleurlhandlerMapping作为处理器映射器，配置文件如下
<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd "> <!-- 自动装配bean --> <!-- 自动检测bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.hellospringmvc" ></context:component-scan> <bean id ="helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean> <!-- 配置处理器映射器 --> <!-- 根据bean的name进行查找Handler 将action的url配置在bean的name中 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <propertyname="mappings"> <props> <propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置处理器适配器 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <!-- 配置视图解析器 要求将jstl的包加到classpath --> <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" /> <property name="suffix"value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>
5.POJO编写
在src目录下新建com.hellospringmvc包，新建Item类
packagecom.hellospringmvc; importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component; public classItem { private int id; private String name; private String detail; public String getDetail() { return detail; } public void setDetail(String detail) { this.detail = detail; } private double price; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public double getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(double price) { this.price = price; } } 6.Handler编写
com.hellospringmvc包下新建HelloController类
packagecom.hellospringmvc; importjava.util.ArrayList; importjava.util.List; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; importorg.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public classHelloController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndViewhandleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponseresponse) throws Exception { //商品列表 List<Item> itemsList =new ArrayList<Item>(); Item items_1 = new Item(); items_1.setName("联想笔记本"); items_1.setPrice(6000f); items_1.setDetail("ThinkPadT430 联想笔记本电脑！"); Item items_2 = new Item(); items_2.setName("苹果手机"); items_2.setPrice(5000f); items_2.setDetail("iphone6苹果手机！"); itemsList.add(items_1); itemsList.add(items_2); //创建modelAndView准备填充数据、设置视图 ModelAndView modelAndView =new ModelAndView(); //填充数据 modelAndView.addObject("itemsList",itemsList); //视图 modelAndView.setViewName("helloController"); return modelAndView; } } 7.发布网站。访问http://localhost/HelloSpringMVC/helloController.action