图像处理Java工具类
缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等
import java.awt.AlphaComposite; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.RenderingHints; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.color.ColorSpace; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.awt.image.ColorConvertOp; import java.awt.image.CropImageFilter; import java.awt.image.FilteredImageSource; import java.awt.image.ImageFilter; import java.awt.image.ImagingOpException; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; /** * author:lldy * time:2012-5-6下午6:37:18 * 图片处理工具类：<br> * 功能：缩放图像、切割图像、图像类型转换、彩色转黑白、文字水印、图片水印等 */ public class ImageUtils { /** * 相对于图片的位置 */ private static final int POSITION_UPPERLEFT=0; private static final int POSITION_UPPERRIGHT=10; private static final int POSITION_LOWERLEFT=1; private static final int POSITION_LOWERRIGHT=11; /** * 几种常见的图片格式 */ public static String IMAGE_TYPE_GIF = "gif";// 图形交换格式 public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPG = "jpg";// 联合照片专家组 public static String IMAGE_TYPE_JPEG = "jpeg";// 联合照片专家组 public static String IMAGE_TYPE_BMP = "bmp";// 英文Bitmap（位图）的简写，它是Windows操作系统中的标准图像文件格式 public static String IMAGE_TYPE_PNG = "png";// 可移植网络图形 private static ImageUtils instance; private ImageUtils() { instance = this; } /** * 获取实例 * @return */ public static ImageUtils getInstance() { if (instance == null) { instance = new ImageUtils(); } return instance; } public BufferedImage image2BufferedImage(Image image){ System.out.println(image.getWidth(null)); System.out.println(image.getHeight(null)); BufferedImage bufferedImage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null), image.getHeight(null), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = bufferedImage.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(image, null, null); g.dispose(); System.out.println(bufferedImage.getWidth()); System.out.println(bufferedImage.getHeight()); return bufferedImage; } /** * 缩放并转换格式后保存 * @param srcPath源路径 * @param destPath目标路径 * @param width：目标宽 * @param height：目标高 * @param format：文件格式 * @return */ public static boolean scaleToFile(String srcPath, String destPath, int width, int height,String format) { boolean flag = false; try { File file = new File(srcPath); File destFile = new File(destPath); if (!destFile.getParentFile().exists()) { destFile.getParentFile().mkdir(); } BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(file); // 读入文件 Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT); BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); Graphics g = tag.getGraphics(); g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图 g.dispose(); flag = ImageIO.write(tag, format, new FileOutputStream(destFile));// 输出到文件流 } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return flag; } /** * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按百分比缩放后的图像 * @param inputImage * @param percentage 百分比 允许的输入0<percentage<10000 * @return */ public static BufferedImage scaleByPercentage(BufferedImage inputImage,int percentage){ //允许百分比 if(0>percentage||percentage>10000){ throw new ImagingOpException("Error::不合法的参数:percentage->"+percentage+",percentage应该大于0~小于10000"); } //获取原始图像透明度类型 int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); //获取目标图像大小 int w=inputImage.getWidth()*percentage; int h=inputImage.getHeight()*percentage; //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(w, h, type); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, 0, inputImage .getWidth(), inputImage.getHeight(), null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; /*此代码将返回Image类型 return inputImage.getScaledInstance(inputImage.getWidth()*percentage, inputImage.getHeight()*percentage, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH); */ } /** * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按给定最大宽度限制下按比例缩放后的图像 * @param inputImage * @param maxWidth：压缩后允许的最大宽度 * @param maxHeight：压缩后允许的最大高度 * @throws java.io.IOException * return */ public static BufferedImage scaleByPixelRate(BufferedImage inputImage, int maxWidth, int maxHeight) throws Exception { //获取原始图像透明度类型 int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); int width = inputImage.getWidth(); int height = inputImage.getHeight(); int newWidth = maxWidth; int newHeight =maxHeight; //如果指定最大宽度超过比例 if(width*maxHeight<height*maxWidth){ newWidth=(int)(newHeight*width/height) ; } //如果指定最大高度超过比例 if(width*maxHeight>height*maxWidth){ newHeight=(int)(newWidth*height/width); } //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(newWidth, newHeight, type); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, newWidth, newHeight, 0, 0, width, height, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 缩放Image，此方法返回源图像按给定宽度、高度限制下缩放后的图像 * @param inputImage * @param maxWidth：压缩后宽度 * @param maxHeight：压缩后高度 * @throws java.io.IOException * return */ public static BufferedImage scaleByPixel(BufferedImage inputImage, int newWidth, int newHeight) throws Exception { //获取原始图像透明度类型 int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); int width = inputImage.getWidth(); int height = inputImage.getHeight(); //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(newWidth, newHeight, type); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, newWidth, newHeight, 0, 0, width, height, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 切割图像，返回指定范围的图像 * @param inputImage * @param x 起点横坐标 * @param y 起点纵坐标 * @param width 切割图片宽度:如果宽度超出图片，将改为图片自x剩余宽度 * @param height 切割图片高度：如果高度超出图片，将改为图片自y剩余高度 * @param fill 指定目标图像大小超出时是否补白，如果true，则表示补白；false表示不补白，此时将重置目标图像大小 * @return */ public static BufferedImage cut(BufferedImage inputImage,int x,int y,int width,int height,boolean fill){ //获取原始图像透明度类型 int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); int w = inputImage.getWidth(); int h = inputImage.getHeight(); int endx=x+width; int endy=y+height; if(x>w) throw new ImagingOpException("起点横坐标超出源图像范围"); if(y>h) throw new ImagingOpException("起点纵坐标超出源图像范围"); BufferedImage img; //补白 if(fill){ img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type); //宽度超出限制 if((w-x)<width){ width=w-x; endx=w; } //高度超出限制 if((h-y)<height){ height=h-y; endy=h; } //不补 }else{ //宽度超出限制 if((w-x)<width){ width=w-x; endx=w; } //高度超出限制 if((h-y)<height){ height=h-y; endy=h; } img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type); } //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, width, height, x, y, endx, endy, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 切割图像，返回指定起点位置指定大小图像 * @param inputImage * @param startPoint 起点位置：左上：0、右上:10、左下:1、右下:11 * @param width 切割图片宽度 * @param height 切割图片高度 * @param fill 指定目标图像大小超出时是否补白，如果true，则表示补白；false表示不补白，此时将重置目标图像大小 * @return */ public static BufferedImage cut(BufferedImage inputImage,int startPoint,int width,int height,boolean fill){ //获取原始图像透明度类型 int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); int w = inputImage.getWidth(); int h = inputImage.getHeight(); BufferedImage img; //补白 if(fill){ img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type); if(width>w) width=w; if(height>h) height=h; //不补 }else{ if(width>w) width=w; if(height>h) height=h; img = new BufferedImage(width, height, type); } //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); switch(startPoint){ //右上 case POSITION_UPPERRIGHT: graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, w-width, 0, w, height, 0, 0, width, height, null); break; //左下 case POSITION_LOWERLEFT: graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, h-height, width, h, 0, 0, width, height, null); break; //右下 case POSITION_LOWERRIGHT: graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, w-width, h-height, w, h, 0, 0, width, height, null); break; //默认左上 case POSITION_UPPERLEFT: default: graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, width, height, 0, 0, width, height, null); } graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 以指定角度旋转图片：使用正角度 theta 进行旋转，可将正 x 轴上的点转向正 y 轴。 * @param inputImage * @param degree 角度:以度数为单位 * @return */ public static BufferedImage rotateImage(final BufferedImage inputImage, final int degree) { int w = inputImage.getWidth(); int h = inputImage.getHeight(); int type = inputImage.getColorModel().getTransparency(); BufferedImage img=new BufferedImage(w, h, type); Graphics2D graphics2d =img.createGraphics(); //开启抗锯齿 RenderingHints renderingHints=new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); //使用高质量压缩 renderingHints.put(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); graphics2d.setRenderingHints(renderingHints); graphics2d.rotate(Math.toRadians(degree), w / 2, h / 2); graphics2d.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 水平翻转图像 * * @param bufferedimage 目标图像 * @return */ public static BufferedImage flipHorizontalImage(final BufferedImage inputImage) { int w = inputImage.getWidth(); int h = inputImage.getHeight(); BufferedImage img; Graphics2D graphics2d; (graphics2d = (img = new BufferedImage(w, h, inputImage .getColorModel().getTransparency())).createGraphics()) .drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, w, 0, 0, h, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 竖直翻转图像 * * @param bufferedimage 目标图像 * @return */ public static BufferedImage flipVerticalImage(final BufferedImage inputImage) { int w = inputImage.getWidth(); int h = inputImage.getHeight(); BufferedImage img; Graphics2D graphics2d; (graphics2d = (img = new BufferedImage(w, h, inputImage .getColorModel().getTransparency())).createGraphics()) .drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, w, h, 0, h, w, 0, null); graphics2d.dispose(); return img; } /** * 图片水印 * * @param inputImage * 待处理图像 * @param markImage * 水印图像 * @param x * 水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值 * @param y * 水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值 * @param alpha * 水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f * */ public static BufferedImage waterMark(BufferedImage inputImage,BufferedImage markImage, int x, int y, float alpha) { BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(inputImage.getWidth(), inputImage .getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null); // 加载水印图像 g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha)); g.drawImage(markImage, x, y, null); g.dispose(); return image; } /** * 文字水印 * * @param inputImage * 待处理图像 * @param text * 水印文字 * @param font * 水印字体信息 * @param color * 水印字体颜色 * @param x * 水印位于图片左上角的 x 坐标值 * @param y * 水印位于图片左上角的 y 坐标值 * @param alpha * 水印透明度 0.1f ~ 1.0f */ public static BufferedImage textMark(BufferedImage inputImage, String text, Font font, Color color, int x, int y, float alpha) { Font dfont = (font == null) ? new Font("宋体", 20, 13) : font; BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(inputImage.getWidth(), inputImage .getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(inputImage, 0, 0, null); g.setColor(color); g.setFont(dfont); g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha)); g.drawString(text, x, y); g.dispose(); return image; } /** * 图像彩色转黑白色 * @param inputImage * @return 转换后的BufferedImage */ public final static BufferedImage toGray(BufferedImage inputImage) { ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY); //对源 BufferedImage 进行颜色转换。如果目标图像为 null， //则根据适当的 ColorModel 创建 BufferedImage。 ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null); return op.filter(inputImage, null); } /** * 图像彩色转为黑白 * @param srcImageFile * 源图像地址 * @param destImageFile * 目标图像地址 * @param formatType * 目标图像格式：如果formatType为null;将默认转换为PNG */ public final static void toGray(String srcImageFile, String destImageFile,String formatType) { try { BufferedImage src = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile)); ColorSpace cs = ColorSpace.getInstance(ColorSpace.CS_GRAY); ColorConvertOp op = new ColorConvertOp(cs, null); src = op.filter(src, null); //如果formatType为null;将默认转换为PNG if(formatType==null){ formatType="PNG"; } ImageIO.write(src,formatType,new File(destImageFile)); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 图像类型转换：GIF->JPG、GIF->PNG、PNG->JPG、PNG->GIF(X)、BMP->PNG * * @param inputImage * 源图像地址 * @param formatType * 包含格式非正式名称的 String：如JPG、JPEG、GIF等 * @param destImageFile * 目标图像地址 */ public final static void convert(BufferedImage inputImage, String formatType,String destImageFile) { try { ImageIO.write(inputImage, formatType, new File(destImageFile)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 图像切割（指定切片的行数和列数） * * @param srcImageFile * 源图像地址 * @param destDir * 切片目标文件夹 * @param formatType * 目标格式 * @param rows * 目标切片行数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内 * @param cols * 目标切片列数。默认2，必须是范围 [1, 20] 之内 */ public final static void cut(BufferedImage inputImage, String destDir, String formatType,int rows, int cols) { try { if (rows <= 0 || rows > 20) rows = 2; // 切片行数 if (cols <= 0 || cols > 20) cols = 2; // 切片列数 // 读取源图像 //BufferedImage bi = ImageIO.read(new File(srcImageFile)); int w = inputImage.getHeight(); // 源图宽度 int h = inputImage.getWidth(); // 源图高度 if (w > 0 && h > 0) { Image img; ImageFilter cropFilter; Image image = inputImage.getScaledInstance(w, h, Image.SCALE_DEFAULT); int destWidth = w; // 每张切片的宽度 int destHeight = h; // 每张切片的高度 // 计算切片的宽度和高度 if (w % cols == 0) { destWidth = w / cols; } else { destWidth = (int) Math.floor(w / cols) + 1; } if (h % rows == 0) { destHeight = h / rows; } else { destHeight = (int) Math.floor(h / rows) + 1; } // 循环建立切片 // 改进的想法:是否可用多线程加快切割速度 for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { // 四个参数分别为图像起点坐标和宽高 // 即: CropImageFilter(int x,int y,int width,int height) cropFilter = new CropImageFilter(j * destWidth, i * destHeight, destWidth, destHeight); img = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().createImage( new FilteredImageSource(image.getSource(), cropFilter)); BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(destWidth, destHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics g = tag.getGraphics(); g.drawImage(img, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图 g.dispose(); // 输出为文件 ImageIO.write(tag, formatType, new File(destDir + "_r" + i + "_c" + j + "."+formatType.toLowerCase())); } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 给图片添加文字水印 * * @param pressText * 水印文字 * @param srcImageFile * 源图像地址 * @param destImageFile * 目标图像地址 * @param fontName * 水印的字体名称 * @param fontStyle * 水印的字体样式 * @param color * 水印的字体颜色 * @param fontSize * 水印的字体大小 * @param x * 修正值 * @param y * 修正值 * @param alpha * 透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字 * @param formatType * 目标格式 */ public final static void pressText(String pressText, String srcImageFile, String destImageFile, String fontName, int fontStyle, Color color, int fontSize, int x, int y, float alpha,String formatType) { try { File img = new File(srcImageFile); Image src = ImageIO.read(img); int width = src.getWidth(null); int height = src.getHeight(null); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, width, height, null); g.setColor(color); g.setFont(new Font(fontName, fontStyle, fontSize)); g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha)); // 在指定坐标绘制水印文字 g.drawString(pressText, (width - (getLength(pressText) * fontSize)) / 2 + x, (height - fontSize) / 2 + y); g.dispose(); ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, formatType, new File(destImageFile));// 输出到文件流 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 给图片添加图片水印 * * @param pressImg * 水印图片 * @param srcImageFile * 源图像地址 * @param destImageFile * 目标图像地址 * @param x * 修正值。 默认在中间 * @param y * 修正值。 默认在中间 * @param alpha * 透明度：alpha 必须是范围 [0.0, 1.0] 之内（包含边界值）的一个浮点数字 * @param formatType * 目标格式 */ public final static void pressImage(String pressImg, String srcImageFile, String destImageFile, int x, int y, float alpha,String formatType) { try { File img = new File(srcImageFile); Image src = ImageIO.read(img); int wideth = src.getWidth(null); int height = src.getHeight(null); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(wideth, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); g.drawImage(src, 0, 0, wideth, height, null); // 水印文件 Image src_biao = ImageIO.read(new File(pressImg)); int wideth_biao = src_biao.getWidth(null); int height_biao = src_biao.getHeight(null); g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_ATOP, alpha)); g.drawImage(src_biao, (wideth - wideth_biao) / 2, (height - height_biao) / 2, wideth_biao, height_biao, null); // 水印文件结束 g.dispose(); ImageIO.write((BufferedImage) image, formatType, new File(destImageFile)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 计算text的长度（一个中文算两个字符） * * @param text * @return */ public final static int getLength(String text) { int length = 0; for (int i = 0; i < text.length(); i++) { if (new String(text.charAt(i) + "").getBytes().length > 1) { length += 2; } else { length += 1; } } return length / 2; } }